Wart - symptoms and treatment

What is a wart?The causes of the occurrence, diagnosis and treatment methods will be analyzed in the article of a dermatologist with an experience of 37 years.

Determination of the disease.Causes of the disease

Warts-If they are benign neoplasms irregular light skin of the skin in the form of localized growth of the upper layer of the skin (epidermis) with papules (nodules) or plates.

The frequency of the appearance of warts in adults is 7-12 %, in school children at 10-20 %.

The warts are very similar to other skin neoplasms.Usually, a person cannot independently determine the disease independently, therefore, to make a diagnosis, it is necessary to contact a dermatologist.

The cause of the apparition of warts is the human papillomavirus.A variety of warts that can develop depends on the type of viruses.Therefore, every type of human papilloma virus affects the tissue on the location that is most characteristic of it.

Type of HPV	Extremely location	Types of warts
1	Feet, knees, palm trees, Brushes, fingers	Outputs of Subanarie and Palmar, Occasionally - simple warts
2, 4	Hands, fingers, knees, Less commonly - steps	Simple warts, Occasionally - Plantar, Palmar and mosaic warts
3, 10	Shin, hands, face	Flat warts
7	Brushes, fingers	Warter butcher
5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19-24	Face, hands, The front of the body	Verruchimica epidermodysplasia

The infection with a virus usually occurs in a contact route - with direct contact of infected and healthy (for example, with hand stroke) or indirect (through handrails, toys, etc.).Therefore, it is possible to infect yourself from the human Papillomavis virus in a wide variety of places: in public transport, at school, work, houses, in places with high contact and humid environment (swimming pools, saunas, gyms).Small lesions of the epidermis through which viruses, as well as the inflammation of the skin fall, contribute to the infection.

In addition, the aspect of the warts contributes to:

• immunodeficiency (including HIV infection);
• hot and humid environment;
• The need for professional contact with meat and fish ("Western wicked").

Some types of human papilloma viruses are transmitted by parents.

But by toads and frogs, despite the horror stories that are so often frightened during childhood, you cannot be infected - this is one of the most popular myths about this disease that has no reason.

If similar symptoms are detected, consult a doctor.Don't trundiare: it's dangerous for your health!

Symptoms of warts

Depending on the type of wart, the symptoms will vary.

Ordinary wart:

• Papula Rourno denne of a conventional color with a dimension of 1-10 mm and larger.
• The Pope's surface is covered with cracks, layers.
• If the father is on the finger, then the imprint disappears and distorts.The same goes for the palm design.
• Simple warts are both single and different, usually appear in places of serious injury (hands, fingers, knees).
• When examining with a dermatoscope, the doctor can see small brown points - trumpeted capillaries (clogged).Patients often call these points "roots".This is the main feature for the doctor: the dermatologist can distinguish a wart from other similar diseases (for example, molluscus and contagious keratomes).

Social Guanda (Horn):

• The main symptom due to which the patient usually consults a doctor pains when you press and walk.
• These warts are usually located on the feet.
• When contacting a doctor, as a rule, an irregular keratinized plaque of the usual color is visible, although at the first stadium you can see a uniform papula.With keratinization, the capillaries can only be seen if you remove the keratinized layer of the skin.
• The reason for the skin is distorted.
• Generally, plans are single, but there are 2-6 pieces;
• Often, these warts are confused with a corn (especially with dry) - with this description of the problem the problem, patients usually reach the reception.

Flat (young) wart:

• In appearance, this is a round, smooth and smooth papula of normal, pink or brownish color 1-5 mm.
• It appears on hands, lower legs, very often on the face.
• There are always several warts of this type: they are found in groups.

Vertrucilia epidermodisplazia (Wart Senile):

• Large rounds numerous neoplasms of normal, pink or brown melting neoplasms.
• More often they appear on the face, on the hands, on the front of the body.
• You can confuse with keratoma, lichen and skin cancer.

Pathogenesis of the warts

If the human papillomavirus enters the body in a latent state for a long time - a person usually does not even know his existence.When the factors seem to be favorable for the virus, it begins to "multiply" in the epithelium, leading to a change in the tissues.

Unlike other viruses, the human papillomavirus does not destroy the cells of the epithelium - they die alone, of course - in the process of keratinization and exfoliation.

The spread of the infection is influenced by local factors and the state of the immune system.Hence, people with HIV infection or a transplant kidney are more subject to the development of warts.In addition, these neoplasms are often difficult to treat.With normal immunity, the virus does not affect the deepest strata of the skin, so many people have sunbathing after a few months.

The main phase of the appearance of warts is to accelerate the division rate and cell growth with a virus.Such a rapid metabolism leads to the inspection of the layers of the skin.Since the fabrics grow in a certain small area, a tubercle occurs, which is called Verruca.

Classification and phases of the development of warts

There is no universally recognized classification of warts.However, you can distinguish different varieties frequently encountered:

• Ordinary wart- The most common type (70 % of the warts are exactly theirs).These neoplasms are not heard and cause only aesthetic discomfort to a person.
• Social wart- It appears on the feet, painful, so it requires treatment.The occurrence of such a wart is facilitated by skin lesions due to uncomfortable, narrow and rubbing shoes.
• Flat warts- More often they appear in young people, teenagers.This is due to the unstable hormonal background of young people, which affects the whole body.Usually flat warts are almost invisible.
• Senile warts- inherent in the elderly.They often appear on parts of the body, which is covered with clothes, but can meet on the face and hands.If there is no discomfort, it is not worth treating these warts that greet in the elderly may take place much slower, which is in young people, due to the slow metabolism.

Other authors distinguish many others from these types of warts:

• Mosaic warts(HPV 2, 4) - Neoplasms on palms and soles.They look like hyperkeratosis outbreaks, i.e. thickening of the layer of the skin layer (usually in the front of the foot), covered by deep cracks.
• Cystic warts(HPV 60) - A very rare type of neoplasm on the foot.It is a soft knot with cracks.At the time of opening, a white yellow exhaust appears, similar to the cottage cheese.
• Warts movies- Subtle horn overcomes close to the mouth, nose or eyes.
• "Butchers" warts(HPV 7) - It appears on the hands and fingers of people who are constantly in contact with meat and fish.They are presented in the form of hypertrophic neoplasms similar to cauliflower, but to normal color.

In addition, the types of warts are distinguished according to their location.

Therefore, there are often an angia warts - cancer -shaped neoplasms that appear on the genitals (especially in the places of transition of the skin to the mucosa).They are usually caused by HPV 6 and 11.

Complications of verruca

The main reason why patients with warts go to the doctor is an aesthetic defect that can affect the patient's quality of life, his confidence in himself and develop many complexes.The complications also include the cracking of the surface of the wart and the adhesion to the infection and with some types of warts: pain during the walk.

In malignant neoplasms, skin warts usually do not come back, they are quite harmless, but in very rare cases, such a complication can still occur in people with oppressed immunity.

Other complications arise when trying to independently remove neoplasms.In this regard, inflammation and aesthetic defects may occur in the form of scars, as well as the further diffusion of the virus on the skin, which is why a person can wake up with several new ones in the morning after an independent removal of a wart.

Remember that under the pretext of the warts a completely different disease can be hidden, which cannot be determined without consulting an expert doctor.

Diagnosis of wart

Generally, to make a diagnosis there is quite inspection (clinical picture) and a collection collection (medical history).

To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor can conduct an histological study - the study of neoplasm cells.

It is very important to conduct a differential diagnosis - to distinguish warts from other diseases.For example,Ordinary wartsIt is necessary to distinguish from the following diseases:

• Contagion mollusk- More often it appears on the body and genitals, less often on hands and feet.It is an hemisphere with the pressure on the surface, when it is pressed by the sides, the whitish "basic" master is distinguished.
• Nevus of epidermal wart- More often lonely, a person has from birth.It rises over the surface of the skin, often covered with hair.
• Bazalioma- A tumor in the form of a nodules roller, in the center it is covered by a crust.Inherent in the elderly.

Warts from LadomarieIt is necessary to distinguish from the following diseases:

• Keratoderma- large areas of keratinization and inflammation of the skin.There are no squalid capillaries.
• Ladomary-sifilids- Multiple painless neoplasms, along the periphery, the skin is pose.The reaction to syphilis is positive.
• Corn- Usually painless, it can only cause pain with vertical pressure.

The doctor should also differentiate the remaining types of warts from a series of diseases.In case of suspicion of another pathology, it can prescribe further diagnostics (for example, the identification of antibodies for viruses, CT or MRI).

Treatment of warts

The treatment of warts is carried out for aesthetic purposes and to improve the patient's quality of life.It can only be prescribed by a doctor after examination and a thoroughly diagnosis.The independent attempts to get rid of the wart are unacceptable, since the patient without medical education and the necessary equipment is unable to carefully determine the disease and complications after this "treatment" occur much more often than recovery.

There are several methods of treatment for the treatment of warts.Usually they are all conducted under the supervision of a doctor and some of them - only in the conditions of the procedural office of the clinic.

Chemical treatment methods

To get rid of the wart, applications of dairy collids and salicyl patches are used.The percentage of drugs and the method of their use (long -term wear of patches, applications, etc.) depend on the prevalence and location of the neoplasm.

It is also possible to use circus acid solutions and 2-clutopionic.In this case, the chemical composition is applied to the pre -elaborated surface, which is left on the wart until the change of color (depending on the type of wart).The procedure is repeated several times after 7, 14 and 21 days.Before each procedure, the fabric is removed mechanically.

Another chemical method is a nitrogen, acetic, obseal, lactic acid and trihydrate combination of copper nitrate.In this way, only relatively small neoplasms are treated, up to 5 mm.The solution is also left until the color of the wart is modified.After 3-5 days, the patient arrives at the control technique, if necessary, is prescribed a second procedure after 1-4 weeks.

Cryodestrection

This method consists in freezing the wart with liquid nitrogen: an inhumidated swab is pressed on the damaged skin (with the capture of the surrounding tissues in different mm) for 1-5 minutes.The destruction of some neoplasms requires different procedures with a four -week interval.

The main disadvantages of the cryodestrection are its pain and the effect defined with respect to other methods in which only one procedure is often sufficient to remove.

Electrocoagulation

Under the influence of the electric current, the wart is removed based on the layers.This operation is performed under local painkillers.

This method is more effective than the cryodestrection, but has a less significant: electrocoagulation often leaves scars in the place of removal of the wart.For those patients who are addressed to eliminate a cosmetic defect,This method will not be the most suitable.

Laser destruction

With the help of a laser, the warts are also removed from layers.The Switz is in contact with the skin from a few seconds to three minutes, depending on the size.So the crust that appeared is removed and the lower part of the wounds has been treated again with a laser.So the patient is instructed on the methods of elaboration of the wound.The operation itself is performed under the influence of local anesthesia.

Radio wave surgery

Radio surgery is one of the most modern and delicate methods to remove some benign neoplasms, including warts.

The method is based on the generation of electromagnetic waves with different frequencies: from 100 kHz to 105 MHz. During the procedure, the tissues resist the passage waves, due to which molecular energy is released in the cells, which warms the skin.Under the influence of heat, the cells actually evaporate - an orderly engraving is obtained.At the same time, no mechanical effort is on the fabric concerned.

Pro of this method:

• safety;
• Rapid wound healing;
• Good cosmetic effect - excluded scars and scars;
• Relative-a local analgesic introcities is used before the mini-operation;
• Exclusion of the secondary infection due to the automatic disinfection of the electrode when the device is on.

The effectiveness of this method is recognized all over the world, however it is quite difficult to find a clinic in which the radio wave surgery method is used.

What is the method of treatment to choose

All these methods have several disadvantages:

• In the first two weeks, the managed area has an unattractive appearance: crusts, darkening of the fabrics.This must be taken into consideration if the warts are found in visible parts of the body (for example on the face).
• An unpleasant smell and a certain degree of pain during surgery.

In addition, each of these methods has contraindications that must be discovered on the preliminary consultation of a dermatologist.

But the main one is lessHigh probability of recurrence, especially if the warts were common, extensive.With each of these methods, doctors do not fight the main cause of the disease, but with its consequences, from todayThe human papilloma virus cannot be treated.

Therefore, the therapy is direct:

• or the destruction of neoplasms deriving on the virus introduction site;
• or to stimulate an antiviral immune response;
• or on the combination of these approaches.

Very often destructive treatment methods are used.Their effectiveness reaches 50-80 %.

For surgical treatment methods, the age of children is usually not a contraindication.Therefore, many of them (including radio wave surgery) are used to treat warts in children.An exception is the chemical removal of warts due to the possibility of adverse reactions to the substance.

What to do after surgery

After any of these operations, be sure to follow the doctor's recommendations.

After removing the neoplasm of any of the methods presented, the doctor usually prescribes the elaboration of the place of removal.It is forbidden to independently remove the "crusts", wet the wound and expose direct sunlight.

If the patient constantly suffers from warts, then he should consult an immunologist, he can request drug therapy, which will increase the resistance of immunity to the manifestations of the human papillomavirus.

Forecast.Prevention

If the patient does not have immunodeficiency, then the warts can transmit alone, but this will need a lot of time - for several months to several years.So, in 65 % of cases, the warts regress independently for two years.If two years later the wart is still on the spot, it is recommended to remove it.It is recommended to immediately remove more neoplasms.

With normal immunity and the removal method correctly selected (depending on the size and type of wart), it is possible to remove the pathogenic tissue and obtain a good cosmetic effect.With reduced immunity and other predisposing factors, the human papilloma virus causes recurrence.

Specific prevention of the disease does not exist.But is it so inevitable?

You can reduce the probability of a virus if you follow several rules:

• Do not go barefoot in public places where you can hurt the skin and infect yourself from a virus (swimming pools, public showers, gyms).
• Choose high quality shoes, it changes more often.Try to dry your legs.Heat and humidity are an excellent environment for the propagation of the human papilloma virus.
• To avoid the warts of patronage, go to manicures only to the certified masters and make sure they use sterile tools.

For the prevention of anogenital warts, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), a vaccine against the human papilloma virus is highly effective.For the prevention of other types of warts, the vaccines currently do not exist.

If you find a wart, do not try to burn, cut it alone, cut it - so that you can contribute to inflammation and a further resetting of the skin virus.After such a "removal" instead of a wart in the morning, you can wake up with ten.